Before we discuss the philosophy in Indonesia in terms of education, we should first know what is meant by education. Education, etymologically, namely; paedagogie and paedagogiek.(Purwanto.2000) paedagogiek, paedos which means child, and agoge which means leader. Education should be oriented to the introduction of the reality of human beings and himself is both objective and subjective. Education means liberation instead of mastery (Freire 2004).
Philosophy comes from the Greek, philosophia and philoshophos. According to the form of words, taken from the word philosophia and shopia or philos philos and Sophos. Philos means love and shopia or shopos means wisdom, knowledge, and wisdom. In this sense one can be called has been philosophizing if all his words and behavior meaning and characteristics as the love of wisdom, the knowledge and the wisdom.
Philosophy comes from the Greek, philosophia and philoshophos. According to the form of words, taken from the word philosophia and shopia or philos philos and Sophos. Philos means love and shopia or shopos means wisdom, knowledge, and wisdom. In this sense one can be called has been philosophizing if all his words and behavior meaning and characteristics as the love of wisdom, the knowledge and the wisdom.
Schools of philosophy, which is used in education Indonesia
- The schools of Educational Philosophy Idealism
Idealism flow figures are Plato (427-374 BC), pupil of Socrates. Flow idealism is a school of philosophy that exalts the soul. According to him, the objective is the true picture of the purely spiritual and soul lies between the original picture (ideals) with the shadow of the world captured by the five senses. The meeting between the soul and ideals gave birth to a delusion that the world idea. This flow view and assume that the real is just an idea. Idea itself always remains or no change and shift, which is experiencing motion is categorized idea. The existence of idea does not appear in the outward form, but the original image can only be captured by a pure soul. Nature in view of idealism is a picture of the world idea, because his position is not settled. While the definition of the idea is the essence of pure and genuine.
- The schools of Educational Philosophy Realism
According to realism, quality value can not be determined conceptually, but depending on what or how it could dihayatioleh specific subject and will depend also on the attitude of the subject. Another emerging theory of realism is called determinismetis. It is said that everything in this universe, including humans, have a relationship to the causal chain. Realism in various forms according to Kattsoff (1996: 126) draws a sharp dividing line between the knowing and the known, and in general tend towards dualism or monism materialistic.
- The schools of Educational Philosophy Materialism
Materialism is a philosophical school that contains the teachings of material, where the object is the source of everything, whereas the said material according to the materialistic selfish materialism (Poerwadarminta, 1984: 638). Materialism, which found the actual kenyatan universe is corporeal. This flow does not recognize the existence of a spiritual reality. Materialism has two variations, namely dialectical materialism and humanistic materialism. According to Noor Sham, (1986: 162-163) everything is material, substance-round, round objects, human beings do not have the scientific differences with the universe as well as his form is a macrocosm, and human behavior at the process in line with the nature and movement natural event, associated with an object and becomes part of the natural order.
- The schools of Educational Philosophy Pragmatism
Pragmatism is the flow of understanding in philosophy that not be absolute (absolute) is not doctrinaire but relatively dependent upon minusia. This philosophy is seen as a native American philosophy, in terms of the actual reality is rooted in the philosophy of British empiricism, which found the source of human knowledge is what the natural man. Known figure this philosophy is Charles Sandre Pierce (1839-1914), William James (1842-1910) and John Dewey (1859-1952). Pragmatism is derived from the word "pagma" meaning practice or I do. Education in the view of pragmatism is not a process of formation from the outside and also not a pemerkahan powers latent in nature (unfolding), but is a process of reorganization and reconstruction of individual experiences; which means that every man always learn from experience.
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